Implantación de válvula aórtica por cateterismo cardiaco. TAVI (Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation) para estenosis aórtica
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La implantación de prótesis aórtica por vía percutánea ha cambiado el paradigma de tratamiento de los pacientes con estenosis aórtica severa y alto riesgo quirúrgico. Estos pacientes, anteriorimente manejados sin cirugía, tenían un mal pronóstico a corto plazo y son actualmente tratados con prótesis implantadas de forma percutánea, técnica que no sólo permite mejorar los síntomas, sino también la esperanza de vida de estos pacientes tal y como ha demostrado el estudio PARTNER. Sin embargo, la técnica no está exenta de riesgo y su indicación debe limitarse a aquellos pacientes con estenosis aórtica severa sintomática, alto riesgo quirúrgico, esperanza de vida mayor de un año y anatomía favorable para la técnica. En los pacientes de bajo riesgo el tratamiento quirúrgico convencional sigue siendo el tratamiento de elección.
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